上调Mg2+/Mn2+依赖性蛋白磷酸酶1F表达对鼻咽癌HONE-1细胞增殖和迁移的影响

目的 探讨上调Mg²⁺/Mn²⁺依赖性蛋白磷酸酶1F（PPM1F）对鼻咽癌HONE-1细胞增殖、迁移的影响,并阐明其作用机制。 方法 鼻咽癌HONE-1细胞分为pcDNA3.1组（转染pcDNA3.1质粒）和pcDNA3.1-Flag-PPM1F组（转染pcDNA3.1-Flag-PPM1F质粒）。实时荧光定量PCR（RT-qPCR）法和Western blotting法检测2组细胞中PPM1F和E-钙黏蛋白（E-cadherin）mRNA及蛋白表达水平,CCK-8法和克隆形成实验检测2组细胞增殖活性和克隆形成率,细胞划痕实验检测2组细胞划痕愈合率,Transwell实验检测2组细胞中迁移细胞数。 结果 与pcDNA3.1组比较,pcDNA3.1-Flag-PPM1F 组细胞中PPM1F mRNA表达水平明显升高（P<0.01）,且PPM1F蛋白表达量明显增加,细胞中E-cadherin mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显升高（P<0.01）,细胞增殖活性、克隆形成率和划痕愈合率明显降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）,迁移细胞数明显减少（P<0.05）。 结论 上调PPM1F表达能够抑制鼻咽癌HONE-1 细胞增殖和迁移,其机制可能与细胞间的黏附作用有关。     

Editorial Commentary: Stabilize the Patella to Achieve Functional Gain but Don’t Neglect the Cartilage That May Cause Long-Term Pain! Trochlear Dysplasia Plays a Role in Both

While trochlear dysplasia is commonly discussed as a major risk factor for recurrent patellar instability, it also has a strong relationship with the development of patellofemoral cartilage lesions. Patellofemoral instability frequently occurs in teens and young adults, and the high prevalence of associated cartilage damage unfortunately sets patients up for the progression of degenerative changes of the patellofemoral joint at an early age. The judicious use of magnetic resonance imaging can help identify the presence of chondral lesions, allowing for urgent management of associated osteochondral fractures or open discussions and patient education about the possibility of performing a cartilage restoration procedure concurrently with patellar stabilization surgery. The location and presence of patellofemoral chondral lesions should be considered when contemplating the concurrent use of tibial tubercle osteotomy as part of the patellar stabilization procedure.     

Determination of outcomes of complex upper end tibial fractures in squatting and cross leg sitting South Asian population

IntroductionTreatment of complex upper end tibial fractures has always been a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. Though the roentgenogram results are satisfactory, the clinical and functional outcomes especially in terms of squatting/cross-leg sitting after long term follow-up are little known. Hence, we have done this study with a primary aim to assess the clinico-radiological and functional outcomes after operative fixation (mostly by locking plates) in complex upper end tibial fractures and a secondary aim to analyze correlation between functional outcome scores/range of motion (ROM) and the ability to squat & sit cross-legged in post-operative period.Materials and methodsThis prospective study included a total of 33 patients who were mainly treated with locking plates. In the follow-up, patients were assessed clinico-radiologically and outcome measurements were determined using the Tegner-Lysholm (T-L) Knee Score. Patients were categorized according to their ability to squat/sit cross-legged and a subgroup analysis was performed by comparing mean ROM and T-L score in each group.ResultsMajority of patients were in young and adult age group with a male to female ratio of 4.5:1. The average age was 42.39 ±14.64 years. Road traffic accident was the most common mode of injury. Average time interval between injury and surgery was 5.8±4.4 days. All the fractures united by 5-9 months. Mean ROM and T-L score at last follow-up were 120.94°±13.63° and 88.12±7.24 respectively. Average shortening, varus and valgus deformity were 0.43±0.09 cm, 2.12°±0.62° and 1.06°±0.45° respectively. 14 patients (42.42%) were able to squat and 15 (45.45%) were able to sit cross-legged postoperatively. Upon subgroup analysis, difference of mean ROM in those who could squat/sit cross-legged was found statistically significant (p≤0.05), however the difference in mean functional scores was not significant (p≥0.05).ConclusionComplex upper tibial fractures are a difficult entity to deal with. Anatomical locking plates take care of the alignment, articular congruity as well as ligamentous balancing thus giving good mid-term outcomes after ORIF/MIPO. However, applicability of the present functional outcome scores in assessing squatting/cross leg sitting remains doubtful. More weightage needs to be given to these activities to evaluate the outcome in South Asian population.     

Gender-related differences in concomitant articular injuries after acute lateral patellar dislocation

ObjectivesTo explore the gender differences in the concomitant articular injuries after acute lateral patellar dislocation (LPD).MethodsMagnetic resonance images were prospectively analyzed in 166 patients after an acute LPD. Concomitant articular injuries included bone contusion, medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injury, articular cartilage lesion, and vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) lesion. Statistical analyses were performed between the patient's gender and the incidence of concomitant articular injuries in adolescent and adult subgroups.ResultsThe incidence of partial and complete MPFL tear in adolescent males and females were (45%, 50%) and (63.2%, 29.8%), respectively. Compared with adolescent females, adolescent males showed higher incidence of complete MPFL tear (P = 0.049). The incidence of articular cartilage lesion of patella in adolescent males and females were 40% and 21.1%, respectively. Compared with adolescent females, adolescent males showed higher incidence of articular cartilage lesion of the patella (P = 0.043). No correlations were identified in other injuries in the adolescent group. The incidence of partial and complete MPFL tear in adult males and females were (34.4%, 65.6%) and (56.8%, 37.8%), respectively. Compared with adult females, adult males showed higher incidence of complete MPFL tear (P = 0.036). The incidence of articular cartilage lesion of patella in adult males and females were 56.3% and 32.4%, respectively. Compared with adult females, adult males showed higher incidence of articular cartilage lesion of patella (P = 0.047). The incidence of VMO injury in adult males and females were 59.4% and 35.1%, respectively. Compared with adult females, adult males showed higher incidence of VMO injury (P = 0.044). No correlations were identified in other injuries in the adult group.ConclusionsCompared with females, males predispose to complete MPFL tear and articular cartilage lesion of patella after acute LPD. Compared with female adults, male adults predispose to VMO injury.     

局部浸润麻醉应用于拇外翻术后镇痛的可行性研究

目的：探讨罗哌卡因联合复方倍他米松局部浸润麻醉在拇外翻术后镇痛中的临床疗效及不良反应。方法：自2019年9月至2020年12月手术治疗拇外翻患者48例,根据术后不同镇痛方式分为联合局部浸润组和静脉镇痛泵组。联合局部浸润组24例,男2例,女22例;年龄21~78（58.3±7.7）岁;行软组织松解加Chevron截骨15例,行跖趾关节融合9例;术后即刻应用罗哌卡因联合复方倍他米松混合稀释液20 ml局部浸润麻醉1次。镇痛静脉镇痛泵组24例,男3例,女21例;年龄23~81（56.8±8.3）岁;行软组织松解加Chevron截骨17例,跖趾关节融合7例;术后即刻静脉镇痛泵进行镇痛,设置基础流量为2 ml/h,自控剂量为0.5 ml,锁定时间15 min。记录患者术后12、24、48、72 h疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）,同时记录术后24 h换药时VAS,记录术后0~12 h、12~24 h、24~48 h药品不良反应发生情况,并记录拆线后刀口愈合情况。结果：所有患者获得随访,时间14~17（14.60±0.92） d。术后联合局部浸润组与静脉镇痛泵组12、24、48 h VAS比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后两组72 h VAS比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组术后0~12 h发生药品不良反应例数比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;术后12~24 h发生药品不良反应例数比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;术后24~48 h两组均未发生麻醉药品不良反应。拆线后两组刀口愈合等级比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：与静脉镇痛泵镇痛相比,罗哌卡因联合复方倍他米松的局部浸润麻醉在不增加麻醉药品不良反应的情况下,可显著降低患者拇外翻术后伤口疼痛,且不增加刀口感染风险。     

Hyperglycemia is associated with lower levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor in wound fluid

AimsWounds in patients with hyperglycemia show impaired healing. Plasminogen activation is crucial in several overlapping phases of wound healing process. In this study, we aimed i) to compare acute wound fluid in patients with hyperglycemia and normoglycemia, ii) to focus on the elements of plasminogen activation in the wound fluid, and iii) to determine if the acute wound fluid characteristics are associated with surgical site infections.MethodsIn a cohort of 54 patients, a closed suction drain was placed in the wound above the anterior abdominal wall fascia under the skin in order to collect postoperative acute wound fluid samples for 3 following days after colorectal surgery. Patients were classified as normoglycemic (n = 25) or hyperglycemic (n = 29; 17 with type 2 diabetes and 12 with stress induced hyperglycemia). Surgical site infection was defined according to the Centers for Disease Control criteria. The levels of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA), urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAr), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) were measured in the wound fluid.ResultsCompared to normoglycemic subjects, patients with hyperglycemia had significantly lower levels of uPA and uPAr in the wound fluid despite similar or even higher circulating levels. There was no significant difference in IL-1β, TNF-α, PAI-1 and FGF-1 levels. In the whole study population, the wound fluid levels of uPA and uPAr were negatively correlated with circulating glucose levels. No difference was detected in the wound fluid characteristics of patients with and without surgical site infection.ConclusionPatients with hyperglycemia exhibit decreased levels of uPA and uPAr in the wound fluid, suggesting a local failure in plasminogen activation at the wound site.     

两种肺动脉压测量方法在急性中高危肺栓塞介入治疗中的临床价值对比研究

【摘要】 目的 比较超声心动图与肺动脉导管测量肺动脉收缩压（PASP）在急性中高危肺血栓栓塞症（PTE）血管内介入治疗中的临床价值。方法 回顾性分析2017年6月至2020年2月滨州市人民医院收治的31例急性PTE患者临床资料。其中中危21例,高危10例,均伴有下肢不同部位深静脉血栓形成。所有患者介入术前均接受经胸超声心动图和DSA下肺动脉导管直接测量PASP,并序贯接受临时腔静脉滤器置入、肺动脉吸栓及导管接触溶栓,回收滤器时肺动脉导管复测PASP,次日或出院前超声心动图复测PASP。采用Pearson线性相关分析描述超声心动图与肺动脉导管测量PASP值间相关性,配对t检验比较介入术前后两者测得PASP值变化。结果 31例患者介入术后肺栓塞症状均消失,25例血栓完全清除,6例大部分清除。平均溶栓时间（4.65±1.17） d,平均住院时间（10.55±1.89） d。治疗期间1例患者牙龈出血,未发生其他严重并发症。超声心动图测量与肺动脉导管实时直接测量PASP间具有显著相关性（术前r=0.99,P＜0.05;术后r=0.67,P＜0.05）。超声心动图、肺动脉导管测得介入术前后PASP值差异均有统计学意义（t=9.79,P＜0.05;t=11.64,P＜0.05）。术前肺动脉导管测压值高于超声心动图（t= 5.34,P＜0.05）,术后测压值低于超声心电图组（t=4.21,P＜0.05）。结论 介入治疗急性PTE患者效果显著。超声心动图与导管测量PASP值虽略有偏差,但有显著相关性。超声心动图无创测量PASP,可为介入治疗效果评估、预后分析、随访观察提供重要临床依据。     

高度浓缩生长因子对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞生物学性能的影响

目的：观察高度浓缩生长因子（concentrated growth factor,CGF）对成骨细胞生物学性能的影响。方法：将MC3T3-E1细胞在CGF环境下进行培养,并设立空白对照组。扫描电镜观察成骨细胞在CGF表面的附着;培养1、4、7 d后,检测细胞增殖情况以及碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性;茜素红染色观察矿化结节和成骨相关基因Runx2的表达。CGF浸出液培养细胞24 h后,以鬼笔环肽染色观察细胞骨架的形态变化。采用 SPSS 21.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：CCK-8比色显示,培养1、4、7 d,在相同时间点,实验组与对照组相比,CGF细胞增殖活性显著增强（P< 0.05）。ALP活性检测显示,培养1 d后,实验组与对照组无显著差异（P>0.05）;培养4、7 d后,实验组与对照组相比,ALP活性具有显著差异（P<0.05)。茜素红染色显示,CGF组钙化结节数量增多且面积较大。鬼笔环肽染色和DAPI染色可见,CGF组中细胞数量增多,细胞铺展面增大,肌动蛋白形态更为清晰。CGF可促进Runx2 mRNA表达（P<0.05）。结论：CGF可促进MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖、分化以及Runx2的表达。